Stories of the Modern South

Thesis Statement:

Stories of the Modern South depict the lives of how Southern Writers profound racism, religion, true identity(beauty), symbolism and cultural aspects in the twentieth century. Opposed to how writers of the twenty first century today view the changes of the defeated South and its lost culture.

Your second sentence is a fragment.

Is Stories of the Modern South an anthology of writing by 20th century southern writers or a work of literary criticism about those writers? If it is the latter, then your first sentence is phrased correctly. If it is the former, then "depicts" should be "demonstrates."

Under no circumstances is your first sentence phrased correctly. The "of how" construction requires another verb at some point, and "profound" isn't one.